Electrotherapy is one of the branches of physical therapy in which electrical stimuli are used for therapeutic purposes.

Electrotherapy uses the biological effect of electric current, which can: stimulate nerves and muscles, relieve pain, increase blood supply to tissues, reduce muscle tension, soothe inflammation, increase lymph flow, accelerate the absorption of edema, affect tissue trophic, intensify metabolic processes, accelerate regeneration tissues.

Galvanic current (constant)

It has a stimulating effect on the sensory and motor nerve endings, the autonomic system and directly on the muscle fibers. By applying one of the electrodes (anode) to the sore spot, you can have an analgesic effect. These properties are used in the treatment of flaccid paralysis, to improve blood supply, in pain, muscle atrophy, rheumatism and the like. However, there are contraindications to the use of this method.

Iontophoresis
It is a method of introducing a drug into the tissues by means of direct current (galvanic current) using the electrophoresis effect. It consists in placing the diseased tissue between electrodes applied directly to the skin and applying a drug to it.

Interferential currents (Nemec currents) 
These are alternating currents, of medium frequency, supplied from the apparatus with two circuits differing in the frequency of the current. After proper placement of two pairs of electrodes on the skin, there is an interference of the current inside the tissues. The effect depends on the frequency of the current. Nemec's currents are used for muscle electro gymnastics, have an analgesic effect, improve peripheral circulation, and reduce the tension of the sympathetic nervous system. 

TENS currents
It is a pulse current used in the treatment of acute and chronic pain conditions and syndromes. It may also be indicated before potentially painful treatment such as streching contracted tissues or surgical wounds. 
Galvanic Current It is a stimulation of nerves and muscles with a galvanic current. It consists in applying the electrode to a specific place. The direct current improves the responsiveness and functions of the motor nerves. 

Electrostimulation  
This method of influencing the neuromuscular system with a direct impulse current stimulates contraction in healthy or slightly damaged muscles. 

Diadynamic currents (DD)
These are excitation currents with sinusoidal pulses and of various qualities. They are most often used in analgesic therapies and to stimulate weakened or slightly paralyzed muscles. They also have a hyperemic effect 

Russian Kotz stimulation 
These currents, used to electrostimulate weakened muscles, increase strength and increase muscle mass. They are used in the treatment of scoliosis, flat feet and as a training to warm up deeply located muscles. They improve metabolism and reduce muscle tension. 

Trabert's currents 
These are impulse currents that make the muscle tremble, so that it relaxes and at the same time relieves pain. 
They are used in osteoarthritis of the spine, back pain syndromes, and states of increased muscle tone.